The white matter lesions may be a more important pathology than the impairment of cerebral blood flow in dementia patients with AF. ConclusionĪD and aMCI patients with AF showed worse cognitive decline along with larger periventricular WMLs compared to those with SR, although the reduction of rCBF was not different between patients with AF and SR. However, there was no significant difference in rCBF in the areas related to AD pathology between the two groups. The periventricular WMLs, but not the deep WMLs, were significantly larger in the AF group than in the SR group (mean mL: 6.85 and 4.37, respectively p = 0.0070). Cerebral volume and CMBs did not differ between the two groups. The AF group had significantly lower MMSE scores than the SR group (average : 19.4 and 22.0, respectively p = 0.0347). Of the patients, 14 (8.2%) and 156 (91.8%) had AF (AF group) and sinus rhythm (SR group), respectively. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using 123I-IMP SPECT. Based on the MRI data, the cerebral volume, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), periventricular white matter lesions (WMLs), and deep WMLs were evaluated. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methodsįollowing approval from the institutional ethics committee, patients with newly diagnosed AD or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) were retrospectively screened ( n = 170, 79.5 ± 7.4 years old). We aimed to investigate the clinical differences between dementia patients with AF and those without AF by means of imaging data. However, the clinicopathological impact of AF on the severity of AD has not been well elucidated. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a strong risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) independent of ischemic stroke.
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